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新托福阅读的第二把剑——语法

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  雅思阅读考试中的插入文本题通常也是每篇文章出现一题,但是它和句子简化题一样,只要考生的语法够好,这种题的解答可谓不费吹灰之力。因为这种题型主要考查考生对句子和句子之间逻辑关系的理解。以OG Practice Set 6 (SWIMMING MACHINES)中的第11题为例:

  Again, supersonic jets have similar features.

  ■ Because they are always swimming, tunas simply have to open their mouths and water is forced in and over their gills.■ Accordingly, they have lost most of the muscles that other fishes use to suck in water and push it past the gills.■In fact, tunas must swim to breathe.■ They must also keep swimming to keep from sinking, since most have largely or completely lost the swim bladder, the gas-filled sac that helps most other fish remain buoyant.

  Look at the four squares (■) that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.

  Consequently, tunas do not need to suck in water.

  Where could the sentence best fit?

  分析:首先读被插入的句子,其句首的“Consequently”一词表明该句和前一句的内容之间的逻辑关系应该是因果关系,而被插入的句子意为“因此,金枪鱼不需要吸入水”。读原文中的内容,原文中对应的第一句话翻译为“因为金枪鱼总是在游泳,它们只需要张开嘴,水就会涌入它们的腮”,利用逻辑关系来判断,我们便可以确定题目中的句子应该插入在第二个方块出现的地方。

  其他题型的考查重点虽然不是语法,但是语法也会严重影响题目的理解和答题。建议考生们把新托福阅读中常涉及的语法知识掌握好,比如定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、分词、动名词、不定式、倒装、强调句式等。

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