Passage one
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Interest in pursuing international careers has soared in recent years, enhanced by chronic (长久的) personnel shortages that are causing companies to search beyond their home borders for talent.
Professionals seek career experience outside of their home countries for a variety of reasons. They may feel the need to recharge their batteries with a new challenge. They may want a position with more responsibility that encourages creativity and initiative. Or they may wish to expose their children to another culture, and the opportunity to learn a second language.
When applying for a job, one usually has to submit a resume or curriculum vitae (CV). The two terms generally mean the same thing: a one-or two-page document describing one’s educational qualifications and professional experience. However, guidelines for preparing a resume are constantly changing. The best advice is to find out what is appropriate regarding the corporate (公司) culture, the country culture, and the culture of the person making the hiring decision. The challenge will be to embrace two or more cultures in one document. The following list is a good place to start.
● “Educational requirements differ from country to country. In almost every case of ‘cross-border’ job hunting, just stating the title of your degree will not bean adequate description. Provide the reader with details about your studies and any related experience.”
● Pay attention to the resume format you use-chronological or reverse-chronological order. Chronological order means listing your ‘oldest’ work experience first. Reverse-chronological order means listing your current or most recent experience first. Most countries have preferences about which format is most acceptable. If you find no specific guidelines, the general preference is for the reverse-chronological format.”
● If you are submitting your resume in English, find out if the recipient (收件人) uses British English or American English because there are variations between the two versions. For example, university education is often referred to as ‘tertiary education’ in the United Kingdom, but this term is almost never used in the United States. A reader who is unfamiliar with these variations may assume that your resume contains errors.
21. Companies are hiring more foreign employees because ________.
A) they find foreign employees are usually more talented
B) they need original ideas from employees hired overseas
C) they want to expand their business beyond home borders
D) they have difficulty finding qualified personnel at home(D)
22. The author believes that an individual who applies to work overseas ________.
A) is usually creative and full of initiative
B) aims to improve his foreign language skills
C) is dissatisfied with his own life at home
D) seeks either his own or his children’s development(D)
23. When it comes to resume writing, it is best to ________.
A) take cultural factors into consideration
B) learn about the company’s hiring process
C) follow appropriate guidelines for job hunting
D) know the employer’s personal likes and dislikes(A)
24. When writing about qualifications, applicants are advised to ________.
A) stress their academic potential to impress the decision maker
B) give the title of the university degree they have earned at home
C) provide a detailed description of their study and work experiences
D) highlight their keen interest in pursuing a ‘cross-border’ career(C)
25. According to the author’s last piece of advice, the applicants should be aware of ________.
A) the different educational systems in the US and the UK
B) the differences between the varieties of English
C) the recipient’s preference with regard to the format
D) the distinctive features of American and British cultures(B)
这是一篇以跨国求职为说明对象的说明文章。开头首先叙述一点事实：近年来跨国求职现象猛增(soared in recent years)，由此引出文章说明的中心。这一段只有一个句子，后半部分实际上是个省略了which的非限制性定语从句，完整形式应是which is enhanced by ……那么enhance(加强)的对象就是interest。由此，后半句的意义可以理解为“这种寻找国际工作的兴趣又被……加强了”。
随后的第二段简要介绍了求职者进行跨国求职的几点原因：尝试新挑战(recharge their batteries with a new challenge，以新的挑战来为他们的电池充电。这是一种比喻说法。)，激发创造性(encourages creativity and initiative)，使孩子接触其他文化、学外国语言(expose their children to another culture，learn a second language)。
介绍完原因之后，作者开始详细讲解跨国求职的主要工序：写简历;并指出跨国求职简历的难点：embrace two or more cultures in one document，包容照顾两种以上的文化。
最后的三段是作者针对如何解决这一难点提出的建议：
对教育水平的说明要详细具体(details about your studies and any related experience)。
依据不同国家的惯常，来确定简历的格式(按时间由远及近Chronological order，或由近及远Reverse-chronological)。
若对方母语为英语，则要注意区别英式英语和美式英语(find out if the recipient uses British English or American English)。 |
