| There are more than forty universities in Britain—nearly twice as many as in 1960. During the 1960s eight completely new ones were founded, and ten other new ones were created --1-- converting old colleges of technologysintosuniversities. In the same period the --2-- of students more than doubled, from 70,000 to --3-- than 200,000. By 1973 about 10% of men aged from eighteen --4-- twenty--one were in universities and about 5% of women. All the universities are private institutions. Each has its --5-- governing councils, --6-- some local businessmen and local politicians as --7-- a few academics(大学教师). The state began to give grants to them fifty years --8--, and by 1970 each university derived nearly all its --9-- from state grants.Students have to --10-- fees and living costs, but every student may receive from the local authority of the place --11-- he lives a personal grant which is enough to pay his full costs, including lodging and --12-- unless his parents are --13--. Most --14-- take jobs in the summer --15-- about six weeks, but they do not normally do outside --16-- during the academic year. The Department of Education takes --17-- for the payment which cover the whole expenditure of the --18--, but it does not exercise direct control. It can have an important influence --19-- new developments through its power to distribute funds, but it takes the advice of the University Grants Committee, a body which is mainly --20-- of academics. |
